Are you a migraine sufferer who is also in need of contraception? If so, you might be wondering what options are available to you that won’t exacerbate your migraines. In this article, we will explore the best contraception methods for those who experience migraines, providing you with valuable information to help make an informed decision about your reproductive health. Whether you prefer hormonal or non-hormonal options, we’ve got you covered. Say goodbye to the added stress of choosing the right contraceptive method and hello to a migraine-free future.
Non-hormonal options
Barrier methods
Barrier methods are a great option if you are looking for contraception that does not involve hormones. These methods work by creating a physical barrier between the sperm and the egg, preventing pregnancy. Barrier methods include options such as condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps, and contraceptive sponges. These methods are easily accessible, affordable, and do not have any hormonal side effects. Additionally, barrier methods also provide protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). So, if you are someone who experiences migraines and prefers non-hormonal contraception, barrier methods can be a reliable and safe choice.
Copper intrauterine device (IUD)
The copper intrauterine device (IUD) is an excellent option for contraception if you have migraines. This non-hormonal method is inserted into the uterus by a healthcare provider and can provide long-term protection against pregnancy. The copper IUD works by releasing copper ions, which create an environment toxic to sperm and prevent fertilization. It is highly effective and can last up to 10 years. The best part is that it does not release any hormones, making it a suitable choice for individuals with migraines. However, it is important to note that the copper IUD may cause heavier periods and increased menstrual cramps in some individuals.
Hormonal options with low estrogen
Progestin-only pill
If you experience migraines and are considering a hormonal option, the progestin-only pill, also known as the mini pill, may be a suitable choice for you. Unlike combination pills, which contain both estrogen and progestin, the mini pill contains only progestin. This hormone works by thickening the cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to reach the egg. It also thins the lining of the uterus, making it less receptive to implantation. The progestin-only pill is highly effective and is safe for individuals experiencing migraines with or without aura.
Progestin injection
The progestin injection, commonly known as the Depo-Provera shot, is another hormonal option for individuals with migraines. This injection is administered by a healthcare provider every three months and provides contraception for that duration. The progestin in the injection works similarly to the progestin-only pill, preventing ovulation and thickening the cervical mucus. It is a convenient option as it eliminates the need to remember a daily pill. However, it is important to note that some individuals may experience irregular bleeding or weight gain with this method.
Progestin implant
The progestin implant, also known as Nexplanon, is a small flexible rod that is inserted under the skin of the upper arm. It releases a continuous low dose of progestin, providing contraception for up to three years. The progestin implant is highly effective and is a suitable option for individuals with migraines as it does not contain estrogen. It works by preventing ovulation and thickening the cervical mucus. One of the benefits of the progestin implant is its reversible nature – it can be removed at any time, and fertility usually returns quickly.
Progestin-releasing intrauterine system (IUS)
The progestin-releasing intrauterine system, such as Mirena or Kyleena, is a hormonal option for individuals with migraines. It is a small T-shaped device that is inserted into the uterus by a healthcare provider. The progestin in the IUS thickens the cervical mucus, preventing sperm from reaching the egg. It also thins the lining of the uterus, making it less receptive to implantation. The progestin-releasing IUS is highly effective and can provide contraception for up to five years. It is a convenient option as it eliminates the need to remember a daily pill. However, some individuals may experience irregular bleeding or hormonal side effects with this method.
Progestin-only mini pill
The progestin-only mini pill, also known as the POP, is another hormonal option for individuals with migraines. Similar to the progestin-only pill, the mini pill contains only progestin and works by thickening the cervical mucus, inhibiting sperm from reaching the egg. The mini pill is a reliable choice and can be used by individuals who cannot tolerate estrogen due to their migraines. It is important to note that the mini pill must be taken at the same time every day for maximum effectiveness.
Extended-cycle or continuous use options
Combined hormonal pill (extended-cycle)
The combined hormonal pill, often referred to as the extended-cycle pill, is a hormonal option that involves taking active pills for an extended period, typically 12 weeks, followed by a short break. This option can help individuals with migraines by reducing the frequency of hormone fluctuations associated with the pill-free week of traditional combination pills. By reducing the number of hormone-free intervals, this method can potentially minimize migraine occurrences caused by hormonal fluctuations.
Combined hormonal patch
The combined hormonal patch is another option for individuals with migraines who prefer extended-cycle or continuous use contraception. The patch is applied to the skin once a week for three weeks, followed by a patch-free week to allow for menstruation. Like the combined hormonal pill, the patch can help regulate hormone fluctuations and reduce the occurrence of migraines associated with hormone withdrawal.
Combined hormonal ring
The combined hormonal ring, also known as the NuvaRing, is a flexible ring that is inserted into the vagina and left in place for three weeks, followed by a one-week break for menstruation. This method can provide continuous contraception while potentially reducing hormone fluctuations that can trigger migraines. The ring is an effective option for individuals who prefer not to take a daily pill or use a patch.
Lactational amenorrhea method
Breastfeeding as a form of contraception
If you have recently given birth and are breastfeeding, the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) can be an effective form of contraception. Breastfeeding can delay the return of fertility by suppressing ovulation, making it a natural and hormone-free contraceptive option. However, it is important to note that LAM is most effective when certain criteria are met, including exclusive breastfeeding, feeding on demand, and no formula supplementation. It is crucial to discuss LAM with your healthcare provider and have a backup contraception method in place if your breastfeeding patterns change or if your baby starts using formula.
Cervical mucus method
Monitoring changes in cervical mucus to determine fertility
The cervical mucus method, also known as the Billings method or ovulation method, involves monitoring changes in cervical mucus to determine fertility. This natural method relies on observing changes in the consistency and appearance of cervical mucus throughout the menstrual cycle. As ovulation approaches, cervical mucus becomes clear, slippery, and stretchy, resembling raw egg whites. By tracking these changes, individuals can identify fertile days and avoid intercourse during that time to prevent pregnancy. The cervical mucus method requires careful observation and knowledge of your own body, making it a suitable option for individuals who prefer a non-hormonal approach.
Standard days method
Tracking menstrual cycle and avoiding intercourse on fertile days
The standard days method is a natural family planning method that involves tracking your menstrual cycle and avoiding intercourse on fertile days. This method is most effective for individuals with regular menstrual cycles and is based on the understanding that pregnancy is possible between day 8 and day 19 of the menstrual cycle. By maintaining a calendar and tracking your cycle, you can identify and avoid intercourse during these potentially fertile days. However, it is important to note that this method requires consistent tracking and may not be as effective for individuals with irregular cycles.
Symptothermal method
Tracking basal body temperature, cervical mucus, and other symptoms to identify fertile and infertile days
The symptothermal method combines the tracking of basal body temperature (BBT), cervical mucus, and other symptoms to identify fertile and infertile days. By monitoring changes in BBT, cervical mucus, and other indicators such as cervical position or menstrual symptoms, individuals can determine when ovulation has occurred and when it is safe to have intercourse without the risk of pregnancy. This method requires careful observation and consistency in tracking various symptoms. It can be a suitable choice for individuals who are willing to invest time and effort into understanding their body’s natural fertility signs.
Surgical options
Tubal ligation
Tubal ligation, also known as “getting your tubes tied,” is a permanent surgical option for individuals who no longer wish to have children. During this procedure, a healthcare provider cuts, ties, or seals the fallopian tubes, preventing sperm from reaching the egg. Tubal ligation is highly effective and considered a permanent form of contraception. However, it is important to note that this is an irreversible procedure, so it should only be considered if you are certain that you do not want any (or any more) children.
Hysterectomy
A hysterectomy is a surgical procedure in which the uterus is removed, resulting in permanent infertility. This option is generally only considered for individuals who have completed their desired family or have medical reasons for the removal of the uterus. A hysterectomy is a major surgery with potential long-term effects, so it should only be considered after thorough discussion with a healthcare provider.
Bilateral salpingectomy
Bilateral salpingectomy is another surgical option for individuals seeking permanent contraception. This procedure involves the removal of both fallopian tubes, preventing the sperm from meeting the egg. Bilateral salpingectomy is highly effective and reduces the risk of certain reproductive cancers, such as ovarian cancer. However, it should be considered a permanent form of contraception and only chosen after careful consideration and discussion with a healthcare provider.
Emergency contraception
Emergency contraceptive pill
Emergency contraception, also known as the “morning-after pill,” is a form of contraception used after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure. It is not intended for regular use and should only be used as a last resort. Emergency contraception can prevent pregnancy by delaying ovulation, interfering with fertilization, or preventing implantation of the fertilized egg. It is important to note that emergency contraception is most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse.
Copper IUD as emergency contraception
The copper IUD can also be used as emergency contraception if inserted within a specific timeframe after unprotected intercourse. It works by preventing fertilization or implantation of the fertilized egg. The copper IUD is considered the most effective form of emergency contraception and can provide ongoing contraception for up to 10 years after insertion. If you experience migraines and need emergency contraception, the copper IUD can be a suitable option as it does not contain hormones.
Discussing options with healthcare provider
Seeking professional advice to determine the best contraception for migraines
It is important to consult with a healthcare provider when considering contraception, especially if you experience migraines. Your healthcare provider can help assess your medical history, migraines, and personal preferences to determine the best contraception method for you. They can provide detailed information about the different options, their potential benefits, and any risks associated with each method. By discussing your concerns and considerations with a healthcare professional, you can make an informed decision that suits your individual needs and reduces the potential impact of migraines on your contraceptive choice. Remember, your healthcare provider is there to support you and help you find the best contraception for your specific situation.
